Crossing the French-Spanish border with José Maria Hinojosa

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Rattray, Jacqueline. 2006. Crossing the French-Spanish border with José Maria Hinojosa. In: Elza Adamowicz, ed. Surrealism: Crossings/Frontiers. 18 Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 151-170. ISBN 3039103288 [Book Section]

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The case of Surrealism in Spain demonstrates how Surrealism is able to cross geographical frontiers and manifest itself as a truly international movement. Historically, the movement was relatively short-lived in Spain, a direct result of the outbreak of Civil War in 1936 which put a sudden and violent halt to all types of revolutionary artistic tendencies. Naturally, there are some marked contrasts between the Spanish and French models which has led some critics to conclude, perhaps over-hastily, that Surrealism did not in fact exist in Spain. The literary heritage differed between the two countries and there were culturally-specific characteristics to their manifestations. Rather than a single dominant group of surrealist activity, there were a number of groups dispersed across the country.

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