Krebs, G.; Hannigan, L.J.; Gregory, Alice M.; Rijsdijk, Fruhling V. and Eley, Thalia C.. 2020. Reciprocal links between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in youth: a longitudinal twin study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(9), pp. 979-987. ISSN 0021-9630 [Article]

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Abstract or Description

Background: Anxiety sensitivity, the tendency to fear the symptoms of anxiety, is a key risk factor for the development anxiety disorders. Although obsessive-compulsive disorder was previously classified as an anxiety disorder, the prospective relationship between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) has been largely overlooked. Furthermore, a lack of genetically-informative studies means the aetiology of the link between anxiety sensitivity and OCS remains unclear.
Methods: Adolescent twins and siblings (N=1,579) from the G1219 study completed self-report questionnaires two years apart assessing anxiety sensitivity, OCS, anxiety and depression. Linear regression models tested prospective associations between anxiety sensitivity and OCS, with and without adjustment for anxiety and depressive symptoms. A phenotypic cross-lagged model assessed bidirectional influences between anxiety sensitivity and OCS over time, and a genetic version of this model examined the aetiology of these associations.
Results: Anxiety sensitivity was prospectively associated with changes in OCS, even after controlling for comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. The longitudinal relationship between anxiety sensitivity and OCS was bidirectional, and these associations were predominantly accounted for by non-shared environmental influences.
Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the notion that anxiety sensitivity is a risk factor for OCS during adolescence, but also suggest that experiencing OCS confers risk for heightened anxiety sensitivity. The reciprocal links between OCS and anxiety sensitivity over time are likely to be largely mediated by non-shared environmental experiences, as opposed to common genes. Our findings raise the possibility that interventions aimed at ameliorating anxiety sensitivity could reduce risk for OCS, and vice versa.

Item Type:	Article
Identification Number (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13183
Additional Information:	Waves 1-3 of G1219 were funded by the W T Grant Foundation, the University of London Central Research fund and a UK Medical Research Council (MRC) Training Fellowship (G81/343) and Career Development Award (G120/635) to Thalia C. Eley. Thalia C. Eley is part funded by a program grant from the MRC (MR/M021475/1). Georgina Krebs is funded by an MRC Clinical Research Training Fellowship (MR/N001400/1). This study presents independent research part-funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.
Keywords:	Obsessive-compulsive disorder; anxiety sensitivity; adolescence; aetiology; genetics.
Departments, Centres and Research Units:	Psychology
Dates:	Date Event 27 November 2019 Accepted 16 January 2020 Published Online September 2020 Published
Item ID:	27656
Date Deposited:	28 Nov 2019 15:52
Last Modified:	18 Jun 2021 01:15
Peer Reviewed:	Yes, this version has been peer-reviewed.
URI:	https://research.gold.ac.uk/id/eprint/27656

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